SailPoint IIQ Provisioning is the process of providing or giving access to Identity on the target Application.
We know different-different applications are connected to Sailpoint IIQ through the application onboarding process.
Employees/Identities need to access these applications. These permission are granted through SailPoint IIQ.
Simply, we can understand that Proviosning just creates the account on the target application, so that a particular identity can access that application.